Alan Foster isn’t the type of person to just sit around. Foster retired in 2009 from a career that included four years in the Air Force and more than two decades as a paramedic with Wake County EMS. After retirement, he took on a part-time role with Rex Hospital, where he currently serves as the director of emergency preparedness management.
While that work kept him busy, the desk job didn’t give Foster the same active lifestyle he enjoyed as a paramedic. So he began hiking and camping, eventually traversing part of the Appalachian Trail. As he got deeper into hiking, he looked for a new challenge and found it on Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa and the highest freestanding peak in the world.
“I had a high school friend who had done it a couple years prior, which sort of sparked my interest,” Foster says.”I started doing research and finally decided to do it.”
Foster’s oldest daughter and her boyfriend joined him on the journey to Tanzania, where Kilimanjaro is located, in September. Their trek up the mountain took seven days, hiking and then camping in segments to allow their bodies to acclimate to the altitude—Kilimanjaro towers 19,341 feet above sea level.
“That was sort of a life lesson, too,” Foster says. “Taking shortcuts and trying to do things too fast often leads to failure.”
Though they took their time, Foster’s daughter experienced altitude sickness that rendered her unable to complete the climb. Her boyfriend accompanied her back down the mountain, and Foster trudged on. By the time they’d reached the peak from base camp, several other hikers from their group also bowed out, leaving Foster with just two others reaching the top.
“[Summiting Kilimanjaro] was easily the hardest physical and mental challenge I’ve ever put myself through, and that includes military basic training that I did as a teenager in a much better physical condition,” he says.
While Foster says he won’t climb any other mountains soon, he believes the active lifestyle he’s kept up since—regular walks, swimming, and other activities—have helped him maintain the conditioning that allowed him to reach the mountaintop. As he prepares for his daughter’s nuptials—her boyfriend proposed on Kilimanjaro that day—he knows that healthy lifestyle will allow him to enjoy more of life’s big moments ahead.
“She’s got a wedding coming up, and I’ll be around hopefully to participate and be physically able to travel if I need to,” he says. “There are so many benefits of staying active and healthy and finding a challenge like a Kilimanjaro or an Appalachian Trail hike that will make you prepare and stay focused on your health and well-being.”
With Association members who range from the technologically savvy to those who have limited interactions with computers or mobile devices, NCRGEA has committed itself to a hybrid communication format – print and electronic – to address all member needs.
Why Facebook?
Our feedback reveals that Facebook is the social media of choice for our retired members. Consequently, if you’re on Facebook and not following the NCRGEA Facebook page, don’t miss an opportunity to stay up-to-date on news and events impacting members. Our page features breaking information, details about health benefits, special events, and more.
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To make it easy, the Association has created two tutorials – one for our desktop/laptop users and another for those who prefer to use mobile devices.
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February 2024 Megan Smith, PhD. University of North Carolina at Charlotte
If you are feeling lonely, you are not alone. A Harvard study reported in 2020 that about 45% of older adults feel lonely. There is a lot of talk about loneliness these days, but what exactly is loneliness? Loneliness is the subjective experience of a mismatch between the number of quality relationships you would like to have and the number of quality relationships you feel that you have. A quality relationship is often defined as one in which you can talk to that person about anything. Social isolation is the objective measure of how many people you interact with within a specified time. There is evidence that social isolation is high among older adults for a variety of reasons, ranging from decline or impairment of physical and mental health, lack of access to transportation, living alone, and lack of social support from family and friends in due a decrease in frequency of interactions. Solitude, according to research, is the luxury of choosing to be alone while also feeling socially connected.
Loneliness is subjective, meaning people experience loneliness differently. Some people feel connected with a small number of quality relationships in their lives; let’s say three as an example. However, if one friend moves away, losing that one person creates a feeling of loneliness because there is a mismatch between the number of desired relationships and actual ones. Other people need many quality relationships to feel socially connected; maybe needing 25 close relationships and if they only have 20, loneliness results. There are variations in loneliness thresholds.
In May 2023, the U.S. Surgeon General declared Loneliness “Our Epidemic.” The wording implies that we all have the responsibility to work on reducing our own loneliness, if we are experiencing it, and/or helping others move through this experience to become more socially connected. Loneliness is very problematic as it increases the onset of chronic physical and mental diseases as well as mortality rates. The alarming statistic often provided in terms of loneliness and its negative effect on health is that feeling lonely is akin to smoking 15 cigarettes a day.
Loneliness results in several negative consequences for our physical health. Loneliness increases the likelihood of hypertension, which can affect the likelihood of strokes. Research shows that lonely people are more likely to develop chronic heart disease, diabetes, and even some cancers. Loneliness also decreases the effectiveness of our immune system to ward off viruses. Loneliness is a contributor to mental health problems too. People who report feeling lonely are four times more likely to develop depression. Anxiety is the number one symptom of loneliness and increases the longer that one feels lonely. Many lonely people perceive a variety of social circumstances as anxiety provoking when they are socially disconnected, which does not occur when people feel socially connected. Loneliness also increases the likelihood of developing Alzheimer’s, other forms of dementia, and a variety of cognitive impairments.
One of the challenges though, is that many older adults may not initially think of loneliness as an explanation for feeling physically or mentally unwell. In the United States, we view health from a biomedical model, meaning our first thought is that there is a physical or biological issue causing health problems previously mentioned, but the overwhelming evidence consistently shows that loneliness contributes significantly to poor health.
Unfortunately, my motivation to study, publish, and talk about loneliness is based on personal experience. As a graduate student, I started spending a lot of time by myself reading and writing and spending time studying a group severely and persistently mentally ill people. I spent more time engaged in these activities as opposed to focusing on social connection. Prior to graduate school, I was gregarious and extroverted with many quality relationships. In short, I was quite socially connected. At some point during my PhD, I noticed changes in my behavior. I started to feel more anxious about my academic performance and perceived situations as anxiety provoking. I became critical of the quality of my own work. As the symptoms increased, my physical health simultaneously declined; I had migraines regularly, suffered from a host of digestive issues, and developed an autoimmune disorder. Doctors were unable to explain the symptoms as my lab was always “normal.” But there was a continuation of unusual behaviors. such as declining invitations even though I had no other plans, a common behavior of lonely people. I was not depressed, but I was not happy. I wondered if I was experiencing mental health problems. Despite proactive efforts to seek help, not a single doctor asked about my relationships with friends and family. Since I was not asked about my social connections, it never dawned on me that social disconnection was a root cause.
In 2018, by chance, I read a book titled “Lonely; A Memoir” by Elizabeth White. White shared her own experience with loneliness, her exploration into the current research (in 2011), and her unofficial qualitative research based on responses to her blog posts. It was the biggest “aha” moment– I realized my health issues over the years could easily be explained by being lonely. While it was difficult to accept the fact that I had personally made decisions leading to loneliness, the good news was that I could also get out of it.
Research suggests strategies to reduce loneliness in small steps. Small behavioral changes can make a significant difference over time. When we are lonely, we lose practice talking to people. Saying hello and asking about someone’s day such as a cashier, a neighbor, or a postal worker is a helpful starting point. The more practice with small talk, then research finds lonely people develop a comfort level to extend conversations. Joining a club or team- just one- such as bridge, pickleball, or a cigar club allows lonely people to interact more easily with others who have shared interests, birds of a feather flock together.
Dr. Vivek Murthy, the U.S. Surgeon General, claims that the most powerful antidote to loneliness is service to others. When we are lonely, we lose self-esteem and confidence. Helping others allows service to others and provides people with purpose and value. Identify ways that you can be of service, ranging from helping a neighbor to assisting local non-profits. These small changes and acts of service can end loneliness. One’s physical and mental health can improve significantly once social connection resumes. Loneliness is a challenging experience, no doubt, but please know that you are not alone and there are people willing to help and simple steps that can change how lonely one may feel.
As a researcher, professor, and public speaker on loneliness, I welcome the opportunity to speak to groups of individuals on this topic. Please feel free to contact me via email at ssmit392@charlotte.edu.
Take steps now to ensure a great fruit crop, get your roses ready, and prepare to start seeds
February is the shoulder season in many parts of the U.S. It’s been in the 50s the last few days, and the irises and tulips have started to emerge. For most gardeners, this fills some with both excitement and anxiety with a capital A—am I already behind? You’re not, because February is the time to catch up.
So in this, the shortest of all months, you have not one, but two jobs:
Wrap up all the things you’ve not yet accomplished for winter while preparing for spring
Get your fruit positioned for an amazing season
Work that will determine what kind of fruit harvest you’ll have
Start by pruning any fruit trees and shrubs you haven’t gotten to yet. This includes blueberries, currants, huckleberries, winterberries, and all other berry shrubs. Prune and train your grapes, and prune back your fall-bearing raspberries. Check with your garden center to see if it’s time to prune summer-bearing raspberries and other cane fruit. If you’re planting fruit trees or shrubs this year, the window is now open. It’s also the right time to relocate any trees or shrubs that might do better elsewhere. You can start planting rhubarb, too.
Once you’re done with the structural work above, it’s time to think about fertilizing all that fruit. Your garden center can help you with fertilizer specifically for fruit trees, vines, and the special acidic fertilizer that blueberries love.
If you’re up for the challenge, consider cloche-ing or wrapping your strawberries to encourage early fruiting.
Take care of your roses
As with fruit, now is the time to give your roses the late winter chop. If you’ve never really paid attention before, this kind of pruning helps encourage your roses to grow strong vines with prolific blooms. Just letting them grow without any pruning or training can result in scraggly and crooked vines. Check out a guide to pruning roses, sterilize your pruning clippers and wear arm protection. You’ll start to see roses in the garden center, and you can start getting them into the ground later in the month. All roses will benefit from fertilizer as well.
Now is the time to divide (some of) your plants
There are a wealth of plants in your yard that benefit from occasional dividing. Dividing gives plants more space to grow, more ability to absorb nutrients, and allows roots to flourish. They’re also two plants for the price of one. Now is the ideal time to dig into those herbaceous perennials and divide those suckers and relocate. To do so, you dig up the entire plant, generously going around the root ball. Lift it out of the ground, and then tease apart the roots with your hands or a sharp knife. You want each division to have at least three shoots. Replant them within the day, and give them a drink of water and a little shade for a few days. Now, this isn’tall perennials, but the fall-blooming perennials. Asters, astilbe, iris, bee balm, blanket flower, bleeding heart, daylily, phlox, hosta, lambs ear, agapanthus, ornamental grasses, and sedum are some common plants you could look to divide.
Resist the urge to clean up
The first week of 50-degree weather sends everyone into their yards, eager to be back outside. While you can embrace the feeling, resist cleaning up the leaves and woody stems you so graciously left in fall. The beneficial insects that are using the leaves and stems to hibernate aren’t ready to exit quite yet. You’ll want to wait until closer to summer. In the meantime, those leaves and stems are becoming useful mulch and compost. Redirect the energy into tuning up your lawnmower for the spring and hunting down every slug and snail that survived winter.
On the precipice of seeding
We’re still too far out to seed tomatoes, eggplants, and your summer vegetables. You can, however, get a crop of spring vegetables started, including broccoli, cabbage, lettuce, and other short crops. If you can find starts at the garden center, they can go in the ground about now, too. What can definitely go in the ground now are pea seeds, including sweet peas.
What you can seed right now is your earliest annual flowers: your petunias, portulaca, sweet alyssum and trailing nasturtiums, the flowers for your hanging baskets and window baskets. You can start your ginger and turmeric inside.
Mostly, you can use this time to get your seed starting supplies cleaned and sterilized with a mild bleach solution and ensure you have all the seeds you want for a bountiful year.
We want MOWNC and our communities to know that NCRGEA members are active and engaged and care about their communities. If you register to volunteer before February 16, we’ll send you a t-shirt to wear during Community Champions week and anytime you are volunteering for MOWNC.
The “Power of a Knock” from a MOWNC volunteer can transform lives, bring hope, health, nutrition and care to seniors throughout North Carolina, so please volunteer for this worthwhile event.
To volunteer and receive your free t-shirt, sign up online at tinyurl.com/4XARK4AX.
Click the video below to view volunteers from our 2023 MOWNC Community Champions Week!
NCRGEA urges you to let North Carolina Department of Insurance Commissioner Mike Causey know your comments concerning the North Carolina Rate Bureau asking for an average statewide increase in homeowners’ insurance rates of 42.4%, with some rates as high as 99.4%. To see a specific table of proposed homeowners’ rate increases across the state, please click here.
You can provide your comments four ways:
A public comment forum will be held to listen to public input on the North Carolina Rate Bureau’s rate increase request at the North Carolina Department of Insurance’s Jim Long Hearing Room on Jan. 22, 2024 from 10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. The Jim Long Hearing Room is in the Albemarle Building, 325 N. Salisbury St., Raleigh, N.C. 27603.
Written public comments must be received by Kimberly W. Pearce, Paralegal III, by Feb. 2, 2024 and addressed to 1201 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, N.C. 27699-1201.
All public comments will be shared with the North Carolina Rate Bureau. If Department of Insurance officials do not agree with the requested rates, the rates will either be denied or negotiated with the North Carolina Rate Bureau. If a settlement cannot be reached within 50 days, the Commissioner will call for a hearing.
The North Carolina Rate Bureau represents companies that write insurance policies in the state and is a separate entity from the North Carolina Department of Insurance.
This rate filing follows the homeowners’ insurance rate filing that the Department of Insurance received from the North Carolina Rate Bureau in November 2020, where the Rate Bureau requested an overall average increase of 24.5%. That filing resulted in a settlement between Commissioner Causey and the Rate Bureau for an overall average rate increase of 7.9%.
The Rate Bureau has asked for the rates to become effective Aug. 1, 2024.
Rate increases affect everyone living in North Carolina; either directly for homeowners, or in increased rents as landlords pass the cost to renters. Don’t think that someone else will speak for you. Take action and let Commissioner Causey know how this will affect you.
NCRGEA’s Local Outreach was back on the road in September and October, and we held seven meetings throughout the state to provide information about open enrollment. As you all know, this is a very busy and sometimes confusing time with questions about medical, dental, and vision plans. Our goal was to provide members with helpful resources they may need to navigate the process.
Our meetings included representatives from Seniors’ Health Insurance Information Program (SHIIP), Humana, and our partner, AMBA. We value these relationships and the help they provide to the retirees in our state. All who attended said they learned something beneficial and enjoyed the meetings.
Please plan to attend future events, and be on the lookout for all the ways we communicate upcoming meetings:
Online (www.ncrgea.com) and phone (919-834-4652) registration options
Email reminders for those who register
Our next meetings will be held in the spring of 2024 at a location near you. Check out the January edition of Living Power for dates, times, and locations, or go to our website for meeting details and how to register. You can also reach out if you have a group of state or local retirees and would like us to plan a meeting in your area. We’d be happy to arrange one!
A new state law related to the pensions of two of North Carolina’s largest health systems has stirred up controversy among stakeholders across the region.
The new law, called the Transformational Investments in NC Health, was created for UNC Health and ECU Health. UNC Health and ECU Health are the regional healthcare systems based at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and East Carolina University in Greenville. Both are state agencies.
The law prohibits new employees at UNC Health and ECU Health from participating in the traditional state retirement program—a system that guarantees retired state employees an income for the rest of their lives after they retire. Instead, new employees at UNC Health and ECU Health would enroll in an investment program to save for retirement, but that program doesn’t guarantee a post-retirement lifetime income.
The Transformational Investments in NC Health law was part of the state’s 2023–2025 biennial budget, which the General Assembly approved in September. The law allocates $420 million to UNC Health and ECU Health for the NC Care initiative. The initiative is for health clinic and hospital construction and other medical services for rural areas of eastern North Carolina.
According to the office of State Senate President Pro Tem Phil Berger, some of the $420 million for NC Care is coming from the $1.6 billion “sign-on bonus” that North Carolina is getting from the federal government for expanding Medicaid health insurance to several hundred thousand uninsured lower-income North Carolinians. Funding for NC Care also comes from the State Capital and Infrastructure Fund, a fund the legislature established to pay for public infrastructure and facilities.
But State Treasurer Dale Folwell says this law threatens the stability and long-term health of the pension plan for retired state employees and future retirees. “This is a torpedo to the pension system,” he says. He believes the law also would drive up the price of providing health insurance benefits for state employees, and the costs could be transferred to the employees through their premiums or to North Carolina taxpayers.
Folwell estimated the liabilities to the pension and state health benefits systems could exceed $1.5 billion. The new law could have the collateral damage of putting increased income taxes on state employees by canceling the tax-deferred status of their retirement contributions, according to Folwell. His office oversees the state pension system and the state health plan medical insurance benefits system.
Critical Choices
The normal pension offered to state employees is the Teachers’ and State Employees’ Retirement System. But there also is an optional retirement program for employees of the University of North Carolina System, which includes all the state universities and UNC Health and ECU Health hospital systems. While the state treasurer’s office oversees the traditional pension program, the UNC System manages the optional retirement program. Employees of those health systems may participate in either retirement program.
In the Teachers’ and State Employees’ Retirement System, employees put in 6% of their salaries (and this money is tax-deferred, so it reduces the employee’s taxable income). The employing agency also contributes. The treasurer’s office invests the money, and when the employee retires, he or she will get a monthly payment based on how long they worked and the average of their highest four years of salary, a state retirement document says. Approximately 85% of a retiree’s benefits from the pension are derived from their own contributions and earnings.
“More than 90% of those who make less than $40,000 a year choose the retirement plan because it provides them with the certainty that they need when they don’t have the income to be retirement-ready on their own,” Folwell says. Among university employees earning more than $100,000, 58% choose the pension plan, and 42% choose the investment plan, says Patrick Kinlaw, the director of policy, planning, and compliance for the Retirement Systems Division at the treasurer’s office.
People who would like more control of their retirement planning can use the Optional Retirement Program, according to a guide published by the UNC System. As with the normal plan, employees put in 6% of their income (tax-deferred). Employees can direct the money to various mutual funds and other investment tools.
Folwell says the optional retirement program can be more attractive to employees with higher incomes. Regardless of whether the employees choose the standard or the optional retirement program, the state already offers all of them supplemental investment options to help increase their retirement nest eggs.
According to the Retirement Systems Division at the treasurer’s office, as of December 2022 there were 298,000 state employees contributing to the Teachers’ and State Employees’ Retirement System, and 21,000 in the UNC optional retirement program.
The treasurer’s office says that if UNC Health or ECU Health produce a new retirement program that allows employees to put in an amount other than 6% of their income (for example, 4%), the Internal Revenue Service could cancel the tax break that the employees receive on their retirement contributions.
The tax break on the retirement contribution reduces the employees’ taxable income. If an employee had a $50,000 salary, the 6% contribution is $3,000 and lowers the taxable income to $47,000.
The IRS requires the retirement contributions offered to the employees to all be the same percentage, according to the treasurer’s office. If UNC Health offers existing employees both the current 6% program plus a new 4% contribution program, the IRS could revoke the tax break for everyone.
The Big Picture
Dan Doonan of the National Institute on Retirement Security says employers in the public and private sector sometimes withdraw from their pension plans, and there are three concerns when that happens.
First, when UNC Health and ECU Health reduce their participation in the retirement system by excluding new employees, the agencies’ share of payments going into the retirement system will decline more quickly than the amount retirees drawing pensions from the plan are paid.
“What that means is, with any unfunded liabilities, there’s going to be a cost shift to the rest of the employers still in the system,” Doonan says. In this case, the other tax-funded state agencies.
Second, after the employer departs from a pension program, the risks involved in running the pension plan will be more concentrated on the remaining employers and employees. “If you have a Great Recession-type event, the employers who leave aren’t going to be there to help get things back on track,” Doonan says.
The third concern, according to Doonan, is ending up with a pension fund with more retirees and fewer workers.
“And when you look at private sector multi-employer plans that have struggled—and particularly coming out of the Great Recession—they tend to be the ones that had a lot of retirees and few workers,” he says. “Because there’s no way to get back on track if you start to get really retiree-heavy.”
When an employer or state agency exits a pension plan, it normally makes a payment to the pension plan to cover the financial liabilities it leaves behind for its employees who have been in the system.
That’s not happening with UNC Health and ECU Health, according to Folwell. “It’s a divorce where one party leaves the family and doesn’t pay the liabilities and debts they’ve left behind,” he says. Fowell estimates the health systems would have to pay more than $1 billion to make the state health plan whole, and more than $500 million to make the pension plan whole.
A study that Doonan and Tyler Bond of the National Institute on Retirement Security published in 2019 looked at what happened when pensions were shut down for state workers in several states.
When Alaska shut down its pension for state employees and teachers in 2005, it still owed pensions to workers who had already been in the system, the report found. Those costs grew into the billions. Meanwhile, after the pensions were eliminated, the state had trouble recruiting teachers, state troopers and other public employees. And people retiring without a traditional pension were more likely to suffer financial hardship.
The Alaska Beacon reported this past February that Alaska was considering reviving its pensions for state employees. It said a state study found that Alaskan government retirees relying on investment-based retirement programs were getting significantly less income than they would have if Alaska had not done away with its pensions.
Elsewhere, Michigan cut off new employees from pension eligibility in 1997. The burden on taxpayers grew to pay the retirements to the workers that had been in the system. And workers in the new, non-pension 401(k) were projected to receive only $300 per month on average, vs. $1,849 under the old pension plan, the study found.
Differing Opinions
But the two health systems say Folwell’s dire predictions for the retirement system and state health plan are wrong.
“ECU Health does not anticipate these changes will negatively impact the state of North Carolina,” ECU Health says in a statement. As of early November, details about the new retirement programs for UNC Health and ECU Health were unavailable.
In a statement to Living Power, UNC Health also defended the Transformational Investments in NC health law.
“These new benefits will mirror what other similarly sized health care systems in the state offer their employees,” says Alan Wolf, a spokesman for UNC Health. “That will allow UNC Health to better compete with the private sector on hiring and retaining employees by allowing for new retirement benefits, outside the ones normally offered by the state.”
The law also allows UNC Health to let existing employees switch to the new benefits plans, although there are no current plans to do so. “That is a new policy we could consider offering, but we are not obligated to do so,” Wolf says.
ECU Health says it “does not anticipate any impacts to existing state employees” based on its participation in the new law’s benefits programs. Of the 14,000 people at ECU Health, only 1,200 are state employees. The rest are private-sector employees operating under ECU Health and do not participate in the State Health Plan or state retirement system.
UNC Health has 30,000 people, with 13,500 state employees and 16,500 private sector employees, according to Wolf.
But NCRGEA executive director Tim O’Connell shares concern with this new law. He believes it will increase costs over time to these healthcare entities, those seeking healthcare, and even the taxpayers.
“There is some great empirical research highlighting the fact that defined benefit plans like a pension are nearly twice as efficient as defined contribution plans,” O’Connell says. “Pensions plans have distinct advantages by design with longevity pooling, portfolio diversification, and lower management fees. If these two state healthcare systems do away with the current pension and health benefits, they will either need to absorb these higher personnel costs that are then passed on to patients or reduce the employee benefits. Neither are great options.”
You may be familiar with a few personal itemized deductions to help reduce your tax bill, but maybe you’re not as familiar with “tax credits.” Here are four categories of tax credits that may help you find more than pennies under your couch cushions.
Refundable vs. nonrefundable credits Taxpayers whose tax bill is less than the amount of a refundable credit can get the difference back in their refund. However, once your liability is zero, you won’t get any leftover amount back as a refund for nonrefundable tax credits. In other words, the taxpayer gets a refund only up to the amount owed.
Earned Income Tax Credit A refundable tax credit for moderate- and low-income taxpayers with or without qualifying children is the Earned Income Tax Credit. Special rules apply to military members, clergy members, and those with disabilities. Visit the IRS’ EITC Assistant webpage to learn whether you’re eligible.
Energy efficient property credit Earn more green when you go green! This allows for a credit equal to the applicable percent of the cost of qualified property such as solar electric property, solar water heaters, geothermal heat pumps, small wind turbines, and fuel cell property. Various limitations and applicable percentages are found on the IRS’ Energy Incentives for Individuals webpage.
Electric vehicle tax credits Do you have the drive for this tax credit? You may qualify for a credit of up to $7,500 under Internal Revenue Code Section 30D if you buy a new, qualified plug-in EV or fuel cell electric vehicle (FCV). The credit is available to individuals and their businesses. To qualify, you must buy the vehicle for your own use and use it primarily in the U.S. Income restrictions apply, so check with your tax or financial professional for details.
Don’t leave money on the table! No matter your stage in life, there are ways to affect your tax bill. For more money tips, visit the You+ Money Blog at civicfcu.org.
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